Source with Two Authors

Rules for citing more than one author apply to all sources, regardless of format. Below is an example of a book with two authors.

Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use an ampersand (&) for parenthetical citations.

Reference Page Format:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of Publication).Format the remainder according to resource type.

Reference Page Example:

Loveless, D., & Griffith, B. (2014).Critical pedagogy for a polymodal world. Birkhäuser.

In-text Citation Examples:

According to Loveless and Griffith (2014) ...

...(Loveless & Griffith, 2014).

...(Loveless & Griffith, 2014, p. 121).

Source with Three to Twenty Authors

For all sources with threeto twenty authors, include all of the authors on your References page.

For in-text citations, sources with three or more authorscan be abbreviated to only the first author's lastname followed by "et al." For example,(Authoretal., Year).

Reference Page Format:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B.,Author, C. C.(Year of Publication).Format the remainder according to resource type.

Reference Page Example:

Somerville, I., Purcell, A., & Morrison, F. (2011). Public relations education in a divided society: PR, terrorism and critical pedagogy in post-conflict Northern Ireland.Public Relations Review, 37(5), 548-555.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2011.09.008

In-text Citation Examples:

According to Somervilleetal. (2011) ...

... (Somervilleetal., 2011).

... (Somervilleetal.,2011, p. 549).

Source with Twenty-One or More Authors

For sources with twenty-one or more authors, write out the first twenty authors on the References page, add an ellipsis (...), and end with the last author.

For in-text citations, sources with more than twenty authorscan be abbreviated to only the first author's last name followed by "et al." For example,(Authoretal., Year).

Reference Page Format:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., Author, E. E., Author, F. F., Author, G. G., Author, H. H., Author, I. I., Author, J. J., Author, K. K., Author, L. L., Author, M. M., Author, N. N., Author, O. O., Author, P. P., Author, Q. Q., Author, R. R., Author, S. S., Author, T. T., . . . Author, Z. Z.(Year of Publication).Format the remainder according to resource type.

Reference Page Example:

Aad, G.,Abbott, B., Abdallah, J., Abdinov, O., Aben, R., Abolins, M., AbouZeid, O. S., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abreu, R., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B. S., Adamczyk, L., Adams, D. L., Adelman, J., Adomeit, S., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Agatonovic-Jovin, T., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Alen, S. P., . . . Woods, N. (2015).Combined measurement of the Higgs boson mass inpp collisions at√s=7and 8TeV with the ATLAS and CMS experiments.PhysicalReview Letters, 114(19), 1-33.https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.191803

In-text Citation Examples:

According to Aadetal. (2015) ...

... (Aadetal.,2015).

... (Aadetal., 2015, p. 20).